Book reviews     

Leonard Shatzkin  John Tebbel  Marc Aronson  Amy S. Doherty  Sally P. Bennett  Robert A. Colby  J. James Mancuso  Thomas L. Bonn 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1995,11(2):117-129

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Experimental analysis of proximity as a social stimulus: Increasing on‐task behavior of an adolescent with autism     

Susan M. Wilczynski  Iantha Fusilier  Melanie Dubard  Amy Elliott 《Psychology in the schools》2005,42(2):189-196

Experimental analysis of social stimuli has typically been restricted to the presence or absence of verbal attention. In the present study, an ABAB design was used to assess the influence of proximity as a social stimulus. Close and distant proximity of a familiar adult was systematically manipulated to evaluate the effect of proximity on the on‐task behavior of a 15‐year‐old male with autism. Baseline, experimental analysis, and intervention phases were conducted within a self‐contained classroom. Pronounced effects of distant educator proximity to the participant were evident during both the experimental analysis and intervention, with increased on‐task behavior occurring in the distant condition. Future recommendations for the investigation of proximity as a relevant social stimulus are forwarded. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 189–196, 2005.  相似文献   

Human Computer Interaction: Issues and Challenges: Qiyang Chen, editor. London: Idea Group Publishing, 2001. 255 pp. $74.95 isbn 1-878289-91-8 (paperback) also available as a pdf file $59.95     

Martha Jo Sani 《Government Information Quarterly》2003,20(4):426-427

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Dry Bones and Indian Sermons: Praying Indians in Colonial America     

Amy N. Qualls 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2006,29(1):69-70

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Day care alternatives     

Amy Laura Dombro 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1983,11(1):44-44

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School-age day care     

Amy Laura Dombro 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1983,10(3):43-43

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Our year begins     

Amy Laura Dombro 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1982,10(1):4-5

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PARTY IDENTIFICATION AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS HOMOSEXUALS IN GREAT BRITAIN     

Hayes  Bernadette C.; Moran-Ellis  Jo 《Int. Journal of Public Opinion Research》1995,7(1):23-39

Legislative activity and controversy concerning the issue ofhomosexual rights and practices has intensified in Britain overthe last decade. Despite this increase in intensity, however,the question of mass public opinion in relation to homosexualrights and practices has received little empirical investigation.In an effort to remedy this situation, this paper focuses onthe influence of party identification in determining publicattitudes towards homosexuals. Using data from the British SocialAttitudes Surveys, the results suggest that although party identificationexerts an independent and statistically significant effect onattitudes towards homosexuals, in all cases, however, theseeffects are both secondary and variable. Other equally, if notmore salient, determinants include: gender, education, age,occupation, and type of homosexual relationship. Of these varioussocio–demographic variables, both age and education standout as having the strongest and most consistent effect. In otherwords, at least as far as current British society is concerned,anti-homosexual views are most prevalent among both older individualsas well as the lesser educated.  相似文献   

Intra-task variability of trunk coordination during a rate-controlled bipedal dance jump     

Smith JA  Siemienski A  Popovich JM  Kulig K 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(2):139-147

In this study, we investigated trunk coordination during rate-controlled bipedal vertical dance jumps. The aims of the study were to investigate the pattern of coordination and the magnitude of coordination variability within jump phases and relative to phase-defining events during the jump. Lumbar and thoracic kinematics were collected from seven dancers during a series of jumps at 95 beats per minute. The vector coding technique was used to quantify the pattern and variability of trunk coordination. Coordination was predominantly anti-phase during propulsion and landing. Mean coordination variability peaked just before the landing phase and at the transition from landing to propulsion phases, and was lowest during the propulsion phase just before toe-off. The results indicate that peaks in variability could be explained by task and phase-specific biomechanical demands.  相似文献   

Triangulating Clinically Meaningful Change in the Six-minute Walk Test in Individuals with Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review     

Michael J. Shoemaker  Amy B. Curtis  Eric Vangsnes  Michael G. Dickinson 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2012,23(3):5-15

Purpose

The purpose of the present review was to use existing, published data to provide an estimate of the amount of change in six-minute walk test distance (Δ6MWT) that represents a clinically meaningful change in individuals with chronic heart failure (CHF).

Methods

The present review included two separate literature searches of the CINAHL and Medline databases for articles that: (1) reported the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the 6MWT in individuals with CHF, and (2) used the 6MWT along with either aerobic capacity or health-related quality of life (HRQL) as study endpoints in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise-based intervention for individuals with CHF. The ICCs were used to calculate the minimum detectable difference (MDD) at the 95% confidence interval for each included study. The Δ6MWT associated with aerobic capacity and HRQL within-group effect sizes for the intervention and control groups in each included RCT was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

Thirteen articles reported the ICC for the 6MWT. The mean (standard deviation) MDD calculated based on these data was 43.1(16.8) m. Eighteen RCTs measured the 6MWT and either aerobic capacity and/or HRQL. A Δ6MWT of 40–45 m was associated with at least moderate aerobic capacity and HRQL effect sizes in the intervention groups. The Δ6MWT thresholds that discriminated between intervention and control groups using ROC curves revealed the following sensitivity/specificity for the respective thresholds: 19 m, 94.4/83.3%, 32 m, 83.3/94.4%, and 48 m 44.4/100% (AUC = .935, p = .009, CI_95% .855, 1.015).

Conclusions

A Δ6MWT of approximately 45 m appears to exceed measurement error and be associated with significant changes in either aerobic capacity and/or HRQL.Key Words: heart failure, six-minute walk test, clinically meaningful change, minimum detectable difference  相似文献